Chapter 3

VPS vs Dedicated vs Bare Metal

Decision tree for Workshop Co. growth stages.

Learning objectives

  • Compare VPS, dedicated server, and bare metal hosting
  • Match hardware types to Workshop Co. workload profiles
  • Understand noisy-neighbour risk and when to pay for isolation

Three ways to rent compute

TypeWhat you getIsolationTypical buyer
VPSVirtual slice of shared hostLogical — shared physical CPU/RAMSMB websites, DR, dev
Dedicated serverWhole physical machine for youHardware — no other tenant VMsBusy DB, compliance, predictable load
Bare metal cloudPhysical server provisioned like cloud APIFull hardware, fast reprovisionHybrid scale-out, gaming, HPC

VPS — Workshop Co. DR mirror

Marcus rents a Swift Host VPS in Montreal:

  • 2 vCPU, 4 GB RAM, 80 GB SSD — ~$20–40 CAD/month tier
  • Nightly rsync of static site + read-only booking replica
  • Failover DNS if Edmonton power fails during ice storm season

VPS wins on cost and Canadian region choice. Shared host means occasional CPU steal during neighbour spikes — acceptable for DR that activates rarely.

Dedicated — when VPS is not enough

If Workshop Co. grows to 500 bookings/week with heavy media uploads, Marcus might move PostgreSQL to a dedicated server in the same datacenter:

  • All RAM and disk IOPS belong to Workshop Co.
  • No hypervisor neighbour affecting Saturday peak
  • Higher fixed cost — justify with measured DB load

Bare metal vs colocation

Colocation — you buy hardware, rack it in a Calgary datacenter, they provide power and network. Bare metal cloud — provider owns hardware; you order via API, billed monthly. Workshop Co.'s Edmonton basement is essentially self-colocation without professional facility benefits (generator, redundant cooling).

Basement limits

Residential power and ISP are not datacenter SLA. Canadian SMBs often keep dev on-prem and production on Canadian VPS/dedicated for reliability.

Worked example — decision matrix

WorkloadRecommendationReason
Marketing static mirrorVPSLow CPU, cheap
Production PostgreSQLDedicated or strong VPS + monitoringI/O and memory stability
Proxmox labOn-prem or bare metalMany VMs, local LAN latency
Video streaming classesPaaS/CDN (SaaS)Not a hosting textbook problem — outsource

Try it yourself

Workshop Co. budget: $150 CAD/month for off-site production (not DR). VPS 4 vCPU / 8 GB vs dedicated entry server — list pros/cons for each.

Sample comparison
  • VPS: cheaper, quick upgrade path, Montreal region easy, neighbour risk
  • Dedicated: predictable performance, better for DB-heavy booking, slower to scale down, may exceed budget in Toronto/Montreal markets

Check your understanding

  1. Does a dedicated server always include managed backups?
  2. Is Workshop Co.'s Proxmox host a VPS?
Answers
  1. No — IaaS means you configure backups unless you buy managed add-on.
  2. No — it is owned hardware on-prem; VPS is rented virtual slice from a provider.